
TRICHOTILLOMANIA
Trichotillomania is a low-incidence disorder (occurring in less than 1 percent of pediatric referrals) of self-injurious behavior that consists of pulling out one’s hair; it is often accompanied by trichophagia, subsequent eating of the hair. The etiology of trichotillomania is unknown, but it has long been held to be of a psychoanalytic or Freudian nature. It occurs most often in conjunction with a major psychological or psychiatric disorder, particularly Schizophrenia and lower levels of Mental Retardation, though it also occurs with narcissistic personality disorders. In special education programs, it is most often encountered among mentally retarded populations. Incidences of Trichotillomania have also been reported in conjunction with episodes of child abuse. Incidence is generally greater in females than males.
A variety of treatment approaches have been attempted with this unusual disorder, including psychoanalysis, traditional psychotherapies, hypnotherapy, and a variety of operant and other behavior modification techniques. Generally, the earlier the age of onset, the greater the likelihood of successful treatment (Sorosky & Sticker, 1980). Behavioral techniques appear to be the most successful methods of treating Trichotillomania and trichophagia, particularly when competing responses can be developed, although success has been reported with a variety of techniques and the role of spontaneous remission is not known. Sources of treatment information include Azrin and Nunn (1973), Bayer (1972), and Mannino and Delgado (1969).
Some recent animal research suggests that a variety of self-injurious behaviors, including Trichotillomania and trichophagia, may, in some cases, be of neurological origin. Relationships to damage of cells around the substantia nigra have been suggested.
Read more about this disease on Credo Reference from SFC Library. Go to the library homepage: http://library.stfranciscollege.edu, click on Databases A-Z, and choose Credo Reference. In the search box simply type trichotillomania. If you have any questions, ask a librarian.